The first species of Thaumatomeropidae (Insecta: Mecoptera) from the Middle Triassic of China

Thaumatomeropidae is an enigmatic mecopteran family previously known exclusively from the Triassic Madygen entomofauna of Kyrgyzstan. Thaumatomeropids display mosaic venation, closely resembling those of Meropeidae and Eomeropidae, yet distinguished by some more “primitive” characters. Here we describe and illustrate a new thaumatomeropid species, Thaumatomerope sinensis Lian & Huang, sp. nov., from the late Middle Triassic Tongchuan entomofauna of the Chang 7 Member of the Yanchang Formation near the Hejiafang Village, Tongchuan City, NW China. This new species is characterized by reduced Rs branches, and some unique forking patterns, including the single posterior last branch of Rs and multi-branched anterior first branch of M. It represents the first thaumatomeropid species reported outside Kyrgyzstan, indicating a broader geographical distribution of the family. Moreover, this discovery enhances the resemblance of mecopteran components between the Tongchuan and the Madygen entomofaunas.