Cyber-physical-social system scheduling for multi-energy microgrids with distribution network coordination

The coordination and integration of the cyber system, physical system, and social system, have shown superiorities in developing the new types of energy systems. This paper proposes a day-ahead scheduling model for tripartite coordination of communication network, multi-energy microgrids (MEMGs), and distribution network, using the proposed cyber-physical-social system (CPSS) framework. First, the day-ahead scheduling is designed for the MEMG with considering the social benefits like demand-side response. The demand response results are used by the cyber system for corresponding power consumption and bandwidth allocation. The MEMGs and the cyber system are connected to the distribution network as loads. Second, the distribution network performs power flow distribution with its own objective. Considering the fact that the actual distribution network is divided into different regions due to geographical reasons and privacy protection characteristics, we partition the entire CPSS into multiple regions which can operate independently with their individual MEMG and cyber subsystem. Next, the energy coordination is carried out through the interaction between different regions, and the optimization problem is completely distributed and solved by the parallel enhanced self-adaptive Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ESA-ADMM) algorithm. Experiments are performed on an IEEE 33-bus distribution system, and the results verify the effectiveness and economy of the proposed scheme.