Phosphorus stocks and pools in eroding streambank soils

河岸带 土壤水分 环境化学 水质 总有机碳 黄土 环境科学 遗传算法 化学 水文学(农业) 土壤科学 生态学 地质学 生物 有机化学 栖息地 岩土工程 地貌学
作者
Shengnan Zhou,Andrew J. Margenot
出处
期刊:Catena [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:231: 107305-107305
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.catena.2023.107305
摘要

Phosphorus (P) in streambank soils can directly enter waterbodies via streambank erosion. How much and what form of P is entailed by this terrestrial-aquatic transfer has implications for the degree and timespans of downstream water quality impacts. Quantifying the bioavailability and spatial distribution of soil P species in streambanks is needed to comprehensively assess the fate of P eroded into streams and their potential risk to downstream water quality. This study quantitatively evaluated the abundance and speciation of P in streambank profiles of Polecat Creek, IL, USA using sequential (Hedley) P fractionation. The HCl extractable fraction, interpreted as Ca-P and insoluble in water, was the dominant form of P accounting for 12–73% of total P (14–344 g m−2) with higher stocks in C horizons (131 ± 26 g m−2) than the overlying B (36 ± 7.6 g m−2) and A (41 ± 12 g m−2) horizons. Ca-P was strongly positively correlated with soil pH and inorganic carbon (IC) content, demonstrating the influence of apatite-rich loess parent material of this region in driving P speciation. Organic P (Org-P) accounted for 1–33% of total P (0.1–104 g m−2) with significantly higher stocks in A horizon (39 ± 5 g m−2) than B (11 ± 7 g m−2) and C (22 ± 7 g m−2) horizons, concomitant with the pattern of organic carbon (OC) and reflective of strong biological (riparian vegetation) controls on this pool of potentially mineralizable P. Subsurface increases in Org-P occurred for buried A horizons in banks created by alluvial depositions indicated the strong influence of fluvial processes on streambank P distribution and speciation. Fe/Al-P accounted for 1–21% of total P stocks and was generally enriched in the surface A (50 ± 30 mg kg−1) and B (35 ± 39 mg kg−1) horizons. The most immediately bioavailable pool, exchangeable P (Exc-P), was the smallest across streambanks, constituting < 10% of total P and largely relegated to A horizon (1.2–20.4 g m−2). This proof of concept offers valuable information about the variation of P stocks and speciation by genetic horizons in streambanks.
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