Consumption of different combinations of human milk oligosaccharides in the first 6 mo of infancy is positively associated with early cognition at 2 y of age in a longitudinal cohort of Latino children

Lactation has been widely associated with optimal neurocognitive development, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are complex sugars that support brain development, but prior studies examining their associations with cognition have yielded inconsistent findings.