Sex differences of small airway function and fractional exhaled nitric oxide in patients with mild asthma

医学 呼出气一氧化氮 哮喘 肺活量测定 内科学 气道 接收机工作特性 肺功能测试 乙酰甲胆碱 心脏病学 胃肠病学 麻醉 呼吸道疾病
作者
Xue Zhang,Zichong Xu,Jingwang Lin,Guiqing Xie,Chengjian Lv,Min Zhang
出处
期刊:Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology [Elsevier]
卷期号:130 (2): 187-198.e3 被引量:1
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.anai.2022.11.010
摘要

Sex differences of small airway function (SAF) and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) in patients with mild asthma remain unclear.To evaluate sex differences of SAF and FeNO in patients with mild asthma confirmed by positive methacholine challenge test (MCT) result.This cross-sectional, double-centered, observational study enrolled 1609 adult patients with forced expiratory volume in 1 second greater than or equal to 80% and suspected asthma symptoms. Data of spirometry, FeNO, impulse oscillometry measurements, and peripheral blood test result were compared between males and females. The receiver-operating characteristic curves of SAF parameters and FeNO in predicting positive MCT result were also calculated.In patients with mild asthma matched by age, males had better SAF but higher FeNO levels than females (60 [29.27%] vs 187 [46.75%] for small airway dysfunction, 78.6% vs 72.0% for forced expiratory flow [FEF]50%, 67.5% vs 60.1% for FEF75%, 73.7% vs 67.4% for FEF25%-75%, and 42.0 ppb vs 29.0 ppb for FeNO, respectively, all P ≤ .001). The FeNO levels in male current smokers were considerably lower than those of nonsmokers. SAF and FeNO values declined more rapidly with age among female than male patients with asthma. The optimal cutoff values of FEF25%-75%, FEF50%, and FeNO for predicting a positive MCT result were 81.5%, 86.4%, and 41.0 ppb in males vs 73.7%, 76.9%, and 35.0 ppb in females.In patients with mild asthma, the female patients have worse SAF, lower FeNO levels, and a more prominent decline trend of those parameters with age than males. Sex-specific cutoff values should be considered when SAF parameters (FEF25%-75%, FEF50%), alone or combined with FeNO, are used to predict positive MCT result in asthma diagnosis.
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