意识
持续植物状态
最小意识状态
模式
医学诊断
心理学
改变的状态
治疗方式
工程伦理学
自然(考古学)
口译(哲学)
管理科学
医学
心理治疗师
计算机科学
神经科学
社会学
社会科学
工程类
病理
外科
历史
考古
程序设计语言
作者
Joseph T. Giacino,John Whyte
出处
期刊:Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation
[Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer)]
日期:2005-01-01
卷期号:20 (1): 30-50
被引量:162
标识
DOI:10.1097/00001199-200501000-00005
摘要
In the last 2 decades, the minimally conscious state has been distinguished conceptually from the vegetative state and operational criteria for these diagnoses have been published. Standardized and individualized assessment tools have been developed to assist with the diagnosis of severe disorders of consciousness and the measurement of clinical improvement. The natural course of recovery and the importance of key prognostic predictors have been elucidated. Important advances have also been made in defining the similarities and differences in the pathophysiology of these two states, and functional imaging modalities have begun to explicate the neural substrate underlying the behavioral features of these disorders. Research on the efficacy of treatments for severe disorders of consciousness lags behind, due to the practical and ethical difficulties in executing large rigorously controlled clinical trials. The past and future scientific developments in this area provide an important background for continuing discussions of the ethical controversies surrounding end-of-life decision making and resource allocation.
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