类胡萝卜素
抗菌肽
抗菌剂
趋化性
β防御素
肽
生物
乳铁蛋白
细胞生物学
微生物学
生物化学
化学
受体
作者
Robert I. Lehrer,Tomas Ganz
出处
期刊:Current Opinion in Hematology
[Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer)]
日期:2002-01-01
卷期号:9 (1): 18-22
被引量:316
标识
DOI:10.1097/00062752-200201000-00004
摘要
The cytoplasmic granules of mammalian neutrophils contain several antimicrobial peptides. Some, like defensins, are fully processed before storage, whereas others are stored as precursors that require additional processing. Cathelicidins are bipartite molecules with an N-terminal cathelin domain and an antimicrobial C-terminal domain. Humans apparently have only one cathelicidin gene. Its product, hCAP-18, is present in the secondary (specific) granules of neutrophils, and its C-terminal antimicrobial peptide, LL-37, is liberated by proteinase 3 coincident with degranulation and secretion. Many nonmyeloid tissues also express hCAP-18, including epididymis, spermatids, keratinocytes, epithelial cells, and various lymphocytes. LL-37 stimulates chemotaxis, acting via the formyl peptide-like receptor-1. The structurally diverse cathelicidin-derived antimicrobial peptides of animals provide interesting models for pharmaceutical development. PR-39, a proline-rich porcine cathelicidin, has shown efficacy in limiting myocardial damage after experimental ischemia in rodent models. Porcine protegrins are in stage III clinical trials to prevent oral mucositis caused by radiation or chemo-therapy.
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