IFP35 family proteins promote neuroinflammation and multiple sclerosis

Significance Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex neuroinflammatory disorder that constitutes the major cause of nontraumatic disability in young adults. However, the underlying mechanism of this disease remains obscure. Here, we identified NMI and IFP35 as factors critical in the progress of MS and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, as their dysregulation activates both microglia in the central nervous system and T cells in the periphery. This study expands our understanding of the pathogenesis of MS and aims to provide potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets.