Analysis of absorbed dose in radioimmunotherapy with 177Lu-trastuzumab using two different imaging scenarios: a pilot study

Objectives Internal organ dosimetry is an important procedure to demonstrate the reliable application of 177 Lu-trastuzumab radioimmunotherapy for human epidermal growth factor receptor-positive metastatic breast cancers. We are reporting the first human dosimetry study for 177 Lu-trastuzumab. Another objective of our study was to calculate and compare the absorbed doses for normal organs and tumor lesions in patients before radioimmunotherapy with 177 Lu-trastuzumab using two different imaging scenarios. Methods Eleven patients (48.27 ± 8.95 years) with a history of metastatic breast cancer were included in the study. Postadministration of 177 Lu-trastuzumab (351.09 ± 23.89 MBq/2 mg), acquisition was performed using planar and hybrid imaging scenarios at 4, 24, 72 and 168 h. Single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography imaging was performed at 72 h postinjection. Acquired images were processed using Dosimetry Toolkit software for the estimation of normalized cumulated activity in organs and tumor lesions. OLINDA/EXM 2.0 software was used for absorbed dose calculation in both scenarios. Results Significant difference in normalized cumulated activity and the absorbed dose is noted between two imaging scenarios for the organs and tumor lesions ( P < 0.05). Mean absorbed dose (mGy/MBq) estimated from heart, lungs, liver, spleen, kidney, adrenal, pancreas and colon using planar and hybrid scenarios were 0.81 ± 0.19 and 0.63 ± 0.17; 0.75 ± 0.13 and 0.32 ± 0.06; 1.26 ± 0.25 and 1.01 ± 0.17; 0.68 ± 0.22 and 0.53 ± 0.16; 0.91 ± 0.3 and 0.69 ± 0.24; 0.18 ± 0.04 and 0.11 ± 0.02; 0.25 ± 0.22 and 0.09 ± 0.02 and 0.75 ± 0.61 and 0.44 ± 0.28, respectively. Conclusions On the basis of our dosimetric evaluation, we concluded that radioimmunotherapy with 177 Lu-trastuzumab is well tolerated to be implemented in routine clinical practice against HER2 positive metastatic breast cancer. Liver is the main critical organ at risk. Hybrid scenario demonstrated significantly lower absorbed doses in organs and tumors compared to the multiplanar method.