Reaching the Ultimate Efficiency of Solar Energy Harvesting with a Nonreciprocal Multijunction Solar Cell

The Landsberg limit represents the ultimate efficiency limit of solar energy harvesting. Reaching this limit requires the use of nonreciprocal elements. The existing device configurations for attaining the Landsberg limit, however, are very complicated. Here, we introduce the concept of a nonreciprocal multijunction solar cell and show that such a cell can reach the Landsberg limit in the idealized situation where an infinite number of layers are used. We also show that such a nonreciprocal multijunction cell outperforms a standard reciprocal multijunction cell for a finite number of layers. Our work significantly simplifies the device configuration required to reach the ultimate limit of solar energy conversion and points to a pathway toward using nonreciprocity to improve solar energy harvesting.