[Digital analysis of the correlation between gingival thickness and alveolar bone thickness in the maxillary anterior teeth region].

Objective: To measure the labial gingival thickness and bone lamella thickness in the maxillary anterior area using digital method, and to analyze the correlation between the two, so as to provide a reference for esthetic restoration and implantation treatment of the upper anterior area. Methods: Fifty-seven patients [23 males, 34 females, (25.8±4.5) years old] who planned to receive posterior dental implant restoration were recruited randomly with the inclusion and exclusion criteria in Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University from May 2020 to October 2020. The 3Shape software was used to perform oral scanning, and cone beam CT (CBCT) was taken for each patient. The image data was fitted and registered by the 3Shape software. The gingival thickness at 2 mm below the gingival margin, bone thickness and gingival thickness at 2 and, 4 mm below the crest of the labial alveolar crest in maxillary central incisors, lateral incisors and canines, were measured. Results: The gingival thickness at 2 mm below the gingival margin of maxillary central incisors, lateral incisors and canines was (1.42±0.21), (1.19±0.17) and (1.23±0.20) mm respectively (F=12.47, P<0.001). The gingival thickness at 2 mm below gingival margin and 4 mm below crest of residual ridge in the male patients were (1.31±0.21) and (0.67±0.22) mm, and those in the female patients were (1.26±0.22) and (0.58±0.19) mm respectively, and there were statistically significant differences in the gingival thickness between the "2 mm below gingival margin" group and the "4 mm below crest of residual ridge" group (t=2.01 and 3.97, P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between gingival thickness and alveolar bone thickness at 2 mm and 4 mm below the crest of residual ridge in maxillary anterior region, and the correlation coefficients (r) were 0.387 and 0.344 respectively (P<0.05). Conclusions: Gingival thickness of maxillary anterior area is related to the tooth position and gender. The gingival thickness of men is greater than that of women.The gingival thickness at 2 and 4 mm below the crest of the alveolar crest is positively correlated with the thickness of the alveolar bone.目的： 用数字化方法探讨分析上颌前牙唇侧牙龈厚度和牙槽骨厚度的相关性，为上颌前牙区美学修复及种植治疗提供参考。 方法： 根据纳入及排除标准，选取2020年5至10月于第四军医大学口腔医学院口腔修复科行后牙种植修复的患者，共纳入57例，其中男性23例，女性34例，年龄（25.8±4.5）岁。采用口内扫描仪进行口内扫描，并拍摄锥形束CT，利用种植导板软件进行口内扫描数据和锥形束CT数据的拟合配准，测量并记录上颌中切牙、侧切牙和尖牙唇侧龈缘下2 mm处牙龈厚度以及牙槽嵴顶下2、4 mm处牙龈厚度及牙槽骨厚度。 结果： 57例患者上颌中切牙、侧切牙、尖牙龈缘下2 mm处牙龈厚度分别为（1.42±0.21）、（1.19±0.17）和（1.23±0.20）mm（F=12.47，P<0.001）；男性上颌前牙龈缘下2 mm和牙槽嵴顶下4 mm处牙龈厚度［分别为（1.31±0.21）和（0.67±0.22）mm］分别显著大于女性相应测量项目［分别为（1.26±0.22）和（0.58±0.19）mm］（t=2.01和3.97，P<0.05）；上颌前牙唇侧牙槽嵴顶下2、4 mm处牙龈厚度与牙槽骨厚度均呈正相关（r=0.387和0.344，P均<0.05）。 结论： 上颌中切牙牙龈厚度大于侧切牙和尖牙；男性牙龈厚度大于女性；上颌前牙唇侧牙槽嵴顶下2、4 mm处牙龈厚度与牙槽骨厚度呈正相关，即牙龈越厚，牙槽骨也越厚。.