Degradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol in aqueous solutions using peroxymonosulfate/activated carbon/UV process via sulfate and hydroxyl radicals

In this study, the activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) was investigated by activated carbon (AC) along with UV for 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) degradation. The effects of operating parameters including pH, PMS concentration, AC dosage, initial TCP concentration and reaction time on TCP degradation were studied and optimized at pH 5.0, 8.0 mM PMS, 0.75 g/L AC and 75 min. Single step or two step additions of PMS made no marked difference in terms of TCP removal. The results of PMS decomposition showed that, AC/UV configuration was able to significantly activate PMS to degrade TCP compared to sole application of AC or UV. The contribution of UV in activation of PMS was more than that of AC. The rate constants of TCP degradation were in range of 0.0103–0.0512 min−1 for initial TCP concentrations of 5–50 mg/L. Scavenging experiments revealed that sulfate radical was the dominant radical of its kind for degradation of TCP, although hydroxyl radical was also partly effective. The results indicated that contribution of free radicals in solution was higher than that of surface-bound radicals. Moreover, mineralization of TCP was evaluated by COD, TOC and chlorine release and related results were 50.2%, 31.2% and 55%, respectively.