基底神经节
苍白球
尾状核
神经科学
心理学
纹状体
冷漠
丘脑
腹侧纹状体
前额叶皮质
额叶
医学
多巴胺
中枢神经系统
认知
作者
M Trillet,Bernard Croisile,Didier Tourniaire,Benjamin Schott
出处
期刊:PubMed
日期:1990-01-01
卷期号:146 (5): 338-44
被引量:31
摘要
Three clinical cases are reported, resulting in apathy, uninterest, flattened affect and lack of initiative for usual daily activities. Intellectual performances were normal and there was no depression. This syndrome was reversible when patients were stimulated. Stereotyped behaviors resembling compulsions were frequent. One of the patients presented with prolonged akinetic episodes reversible by verbal stimulation. CT and MRI showed bilateral lesions, mainly in and around the head of the caudate nucleus. Such behavioral disorders have been termed psychic akinesia or athymhormia syndrome, suggesting that the patients suffered from a loss of drive and motivation. The lesions involved bilaterally the globus pallidus, the striatum or the frontal lobe. Recently, anatomical findings have shown several circuits through the basal ganglia additional to the motor circuit. The caudate nucleus receives inputs from the prefrontal and limbic cortex. These inputs are transmitted to the globus pallidus, then to the thalamus and ultimately return to the dorsolateral prefrontal, lateral orbitofrontal and anterior cingulate areas. Lesions in any part of these cortico-subcortical loops may be responsible for a dramatic behavioral syndrome, emphasizing their functional specificity in drive. However, a procedural learning impairment in neostriatal dysfunction could possibly explain the disorders observed in our patients.
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