Fine Division of Rice Anther Development by Cytological Morphology

A cytological and morphological study was conducted on the anther of a hybrid rice(Oryza Sativa L.indica) strain,Chuan You 9527.To study the growth procedures of pollen and anther wall,their development processes from stamen primordia initiation to pollen maturation were observed and divided into stages.Rice spikelets ranging from approx.1.0 millimeter to approx.10.0 millimeter were chosen;loading films of anthers were prepared by using the techniques of paraffin section,and they were observed and then photographed with digital camera system for optical microscopy(Nikon DS-Ri1-U2).The results showed that the whole development process of anther could be divided into thirteen fine stages,based on the significant alterations in the morphological characteristics of cells and tissues.The thirteen stages are archesporial cell stage,bi-parietal stage,tri-parietal stage,pollen mother cell forming stage(the above four stages together are known as microsporocyte forming stage),early pollen mother cell meiosis stage,mid pollen mother cell meiosis stage,pollen mother cell dyad stage,pollen mother cell tetrad stage(the above four stages are known collectively as microsporocyte meiosis stage),early microspore stage,mid microspore stage,late microspore stage,bi-cellular pollen stage,and mature pollen stage.