Effects of occupant behavior and ventilation on exposure to respiratory droplets in the indoor environment

通风(建筑) 沉积(地质) 航程(航空) 材料科学 机械 环境科学 计算流体力学 呼吸系统 模拟 化学 物理 计算机科学 气象学 医学 复合材料 生物 解剖 古生物学 沉积物
作者
Jianjian Wei,Lei Wang,Tao Jin,Yuguo Li,Nan Zhang
出处
期刊:Building and Environment [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:229: 109973-109973 被引量:9
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109973
摘要

To quantify the risk of the transmission of respiratory infections in indoor environments, we systematically assessed exposure to talking- and breathing-generated respiratory droplets in a generic indoor environment using computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations. The flow field in the indoor environment was obtained with SST k-ω model and Lagrangian method was used to predict droplet trajectories, where droplet evaporation was considered. Droplets can be categorized into small droplets (initial size ≤30 μm or ≤10 μm as droplet nuclei), medium droplets (30–80 μm) and large droplets (>100 μm) according to the exposure characteristics. Droplets up to 100 μm, particular the small ones, can contribute to both short-range and long-range airborne routes. For the face-to-face talking scenario, the intake fraction and deposition fractions of droplets on the face and facial mucosa of the susceptible were up to 4.96%, 2.14%, and 0.12%, respectively, indicating inhalation is the dominant route. The exposure risk from a talking infector decreases monotonically with the interpersonal distance, while that of nasal-breathing generated droplets maintains a relatively stable level within 1.0 m. Keeping an angle of 15° or above with the expiratory flow is efficient to reduce intake fractions to <0.37% for small droplets. Adjusting the orientation from face-to-face to face-to-back can reduce exposure to small droplets by approximately 88.0% during talking and 66.2% during breathing. A higher ventilation rate can reduce the risk of exposure to small droplets but may increase the risk of transmission via medium droplets by enhancing their evaporation rate. This study would serve as a fundamental research for epidemiologist, healthcare workers and the public in the purpose of infection control.
最长约 10秒,即可获得该文献文件

科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI
更新
PDF的下载单位、IP信息已删除 (2025-6-4)

科研通是完全免费的文献互助平台,具备全网最快的应助速度,最高的求助完成率。 对每一个文献求助,科研通都将尽心尽力,给求助人一个满意的交代。
实时播报
zxt完成签到 ,获得积分10
1秒前
捞鱼完成签到,获得积分10
3秒前
JOJO完成签到,获得积分10
4秒前
YYY完成签到,获得积分10
5秒前
云不暇完成签到 ,获得积分10
5秒前
合适靖儿完成签到 ,获得积分10
7秒前
迷路凌柏完成签到 ,获得积分10
9秒前
10秒前
wwl完成签到,获得积分10
11秒前
量子星尘发布了新的文献求助10
12秒前
玩命的十三完成签到 ,获得积分10
13秒前
ding应助爱笑的静洁采纳,获得10
16秒前
冷静完成签到,获得积分10
17秒前
欢呼的飞荷完成签到 ,获得积分10
19秒前
21秒前
感性的神级完成签到,获得积分10
21秒前
博士伦666完成签到 ,获得积分10
22秒前
务实时光发布了新的文献求助10
24秒前
感动的小鸽子完成签到,获得积分10
24秒前
糖糖糖唐完成签到,获得积分10
25秒前
七QI完成签到 ,获得积分10
25秒前
可露丽发布了新的文献求助10
26秒前
AVsecurity完成签到,获得积分10
26秒前
落后访风完成签到,获得积分10
28秒前
Robe完成签到,获得积分20
28秒前
Fengzhen007完成签到,获得积分10
29秒前
雪花落在丛林完成签到,获得积分10
29秒前
30秒前
von完成签到,获得积分10
32秒前
拼搏一曲完成签到 ,获得积分10
32秒前
汤翔完成签到,获得积分10
32秒前
33秒前
舒仲完成签到,获得积分10
35秒前
chen完成签到,获得积分10
36秒前
swimming完成签到 ,获得积分10
38秒前
wsqg123完成签到,获得积分10
39秒前
fy完成签到,获得积分10
39秒前
demoestar完成签到 ,获得积分10
39秒前
薛乎虚完成签到 ,获得积分10
41秒前
司徒不二完成签到,获得积分0
41秒前
高分求助中
【提示信息,请勿应助】关于scihub 10000
A new approach to the extrapolation of accelerated life test data 1000
Coking simulation aids on-stream time 450
北师大毕业论文 基于可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱技术泄漏气体检测系统的研究 390
Phylogenetic study of the order Polydesmida (Myriapoda: Diplopoda) 370
Robot-supported joining of reinforcement textiles with one-sided sewing heads 360
Novel Preparation of Chitin Nanocrystals by H2SO4 and H3PO4 Hydrolysis Followed by High-Pressure Water Jet Treatments 300
热门求助领域 (近24小时)
化学 材料科学 医学 生物 工程类 有机化学 生物化学 物理 内科学 纳米技术 计算机科学 化学工程 复合材料 遗传学 基因 物理化学 催化作用 冶金 细胞生物学 免疫学
热门帖子
关注 科研通微信公众号,转发送积分 4015708
求助须知:如何正确求助?哪些是违规求助? 3555661
关于积分的说明 11318291
捐赠科研通 3288879
什么是DOI,文献DOI怎么找? 1812301
邀请新用户注册赠送积分活动 887882
科研通“疑难数据库(出版商)”最低求助积分说明 812027