Using the planning system to promote a healthier food environment: review of planning policies and appeal decisions in England for hot food takeaways

Local authorities are using their planning powers to manage hot food takeaways. The use of these powers is mediated by the Planning Inspectorate. A case-study approach was adopted to understand outcomes of takeaways policy and decision after the statutory policy examination and appeal stages. Eight case studies in England were selected and a documentary analysis was undertaken to determine how public health issues were considered by inspectors. The analysis identified challenges and strengths in inspectors’ approach and decisions. Understanding these factors can help the public health system navigate engagement with inspectors and secure successful outcomes when managing takeaways.