电解质
超级电容器
阳极
材料科学
储能
化学工程
电化学
离子电导率
枝晶(数学)
锌
电池(电)
电极
纳米技术
化学
冶金
功率(物理)
物理
几何学
数学
物理化学
量子力学
工程类
作者
Zhixin Zhang,Yang Gao,Yiyan Gao,Fu Jia,Guanghui Gao
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jcis.2023.08.161
摘要
Hydrogel-based zinc ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZIHS) have stood out from many energy storage device candidates due to their battery-level energy density, inherent flexibility, and safety. Nevertheless, the inevitable dendrite growth of Zn anodes and sharp capacity degradation at low-temperature seriously hinder their practical application. Herein, a dense ZnF2 solid electrolyte interface protective layer was constructed in situ on the Zn electrode surface by a simple chemical deposition method, effectively isolating the water molecules and alleviating the water-induced dendrite growth and parasitic reaction. To achieve the flexible ZIHS with environmental adaptability, a self-adhesion and anti-freezing zwitterionic hydrogel electrolyte was fabricated to afford superior ionic conductivity (97.1 mS cm-1), excellent anti-drying ability, and robust interfacial adhesion. Benefitting from the integrated merits of the as-designed electrolyte and electrode, the ZIHS delivered excellent mechanical adaptability, favorable energy density (103.9 Wh kg-1 at 270.1 W kg-1), broad operating temperature range (-40 to 40 °C), along with long-term cycling stability (12,000 cycles) with 90.3 % capacity retention at -25 °C. Notably, the unencapsulated ZIHS achieved exceptional electrochemical stability in an open environment. This finding provides valuable insights for constructing durable, flexible, and environmentally adaptable zinc-based energy storage systems.
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