An overview of geopolymer composites for stabilization of soft soils

The efficiency and survivability of any structural component are determined not only by the quality of the building materials used but also by the geological conditions underneath the base of any structure. Soft soils (peat, clay, fine silt, and loose sand deposits)underneath the building structures are frequently the source of grave problems such as cracking, sinking, excessive settlement, and so on. It is never recommended to use untreated soil for engineering purposes. There are myriad techniques and additives (natural or man-made) available to enhance the engineering properties of these soils. However, due to impoverished performance, most of these methods are now redundant. These limitations have resulted in the rise of geopolymer as a feasible alternative to the conventional techniques of soil stabilization. Geopolymer stabilization occurs through the creation of a sodium and calcium aluminosilicate gel, which adheres to the neighboring clay particles and solidifies into a thicker, firmer matrix. This review investigates whether the stabilized soil can enhance engineering properties (strength, durability, permeability, stability, swell-shrinkage assets) and lessen the harmful impacts on the environment. Moreover, this review will aim to determine whether combining various additives with geopolymer can boost soil performance.