聚合物
材料科学
纳米复合材料
聚合物纳米复合材料
纳米颗粒
极地的
双层
化学物理
偶极子
图层(电子)
分子动力学
纳米技术
化学工程
电介质
复合材料
膜
化学
光电子学
有机化学
计算化学
工程类
物理
生物化学
天文
作者
Xinhui Li,Shan He,Yanda Jiang,Jian Wang,Changyuan Yu,Xiaofei Liu,Feng Zhu,Yimei Xie,Youyong Li,Cheng Ma,Zhonghui Shen,Baowen Li,Yang Shen,Xin Zhang,Shujun Zhang,Ce‐Wen Nan
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41467-023-41479-0
摘要
Polymer nanocomposites with nanoparticles dispersed in polymer matrices have attracted extensive attention due to their significantly improved overall performance, in which the nanoparticle-polymer interface plays a key role. Understanding the structures and properties of the interfacial region, however, remains a major challenge for polymer nanocomposites. Here, we directly observe the presence of two interfacial polymer layers around a nanoparticle in polar polymers, i.e., an inner bound polar layer (~10 nm thick) with aligned dipoles and an outer polar layer (over 100 nm thick) with randomly orientated dipoles. Our results reveal that the impacts of the local nanoparticle surface potential and interparticle distance on molecular dipoles induce interfacial polymer layers with different polar molecular conformations from the bulk polymer. The bilayer interfacial features lead to an exceptional enhancement in polarity-related properties of polymer nanocomposites at ultralow nanoparticle loadings. By maximizing the contribution of inner bound polar layer via a nanolamination design, we achieve an ultrahigh dielectric energy storage density of 86 J/cm3, far superior to state-of-the-art polymers and nanocomposites.
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