电解质
阳极
材料科学
阴极
溶剂化
化学工程
氧化物
电池(电)
电极
无机化学
离子
化学
物理化学
有机化学
热力学
工程类
物理
功率(物理)
冶金
作者
Yeguo Zou,Baodan Zhang,Haiyan Luo,Xiaoyu Yu,Meiling Yang,Qizheng Zheng,Junhao Wang,Chenyang Jiao,Yilong Chen,Haitang Zhang,Jiyuan Xue,Xiaoxiao Kuai,Hong‐Gang Liao,Chuying Ouyang,Ziyang Ning,Yu Qiao,Shi‐Gang Sun
标识
DOI:10.1002/adma.202410261
摘要
Abstract Anode‐free sodium metal batteries (AFSMBs) are regarded as the “ceiling” for current sodium‐based batteries. However, their practical application is hindered by the unstable electrolyte and interfacial chemistry at the high‐voltage cathode and anode‐free side, especially under extreme temperature conditions. Here, an advanced electrolyte design strategy based on electrolyte solvation engineering is presented, which shapes a weakly solvating anion‐stabilized (WSAS) electrolyte by balancing the interaction between the Na + ‐solvent and Na + ‐anion. The special interaction constructs rich contact ion pairs (CIPs) /aggregates (AGGs) clusters at the electrode/electrolyte interface during the dynamic solvation process which facilitates the formation of a uniform and stable interfacial layer, enabling highly stable cycling of 4.0 V‐class layered oxide cathode from −40 °C to 60 °C and excellent reversibility of Na plating/stripping with an ultrahigh average CE of 99.89%. Ultimately, industrial multi‐layer anode‐free pouch cells using the WSAS electrolyte achieve 80% capacity remaining after 50 cycles and even deliver 74.3% capacity at −30 °C. This work takes a pivotal step for the further development of high‐energy‐density Na batteries.
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