Edible pueraria lobata-derived exosome-like nanovesicles ameliorate dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis associated lung inflammation through modulating macrophage polarization

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as severe colitis, are associated with the development of lung inflammation and tissue damage. Pueraria lobata (P. lobata) plays an essential role in controlling cytokines. However, the exact mechanism of the inflammation response is still unknown. Purpose: To investigate the effects of the P. lobata-derived exosomes-like nanovesicles (PLDENs) on colitis and their role in the lung inflammatory response. In this study, we investigated the effects of PLDENs on the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and explored the mechanisms by forming the gut-lung axis. PLDENs were characterized by mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis. The results showed that PLDENs had significant preventive effects in DSS-induced colitis and pathological changes in colons in a dose-dependent manner. Simultaneously, the treatment of PLDENs could effectively reduce inflammatory changes in the lung. PLDENs could selectively regulate the composition of gut microbiota. These data suggested that the treatment of PLDENs could 'attenuate DSS-induced colitis and lung inflammation, providing an efficacious supplement for reducing co-morbidities in IBD patients.