Analysis of Sensitivity Enhancement in D-type Nanostructured LSPR Fiber Sensors using Graphene

The Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) fiber sensor-based explorations have been evolving exponentially over the past 50 years. Concurrently, a plethora of plasmonic coatings has recently emerged in the market for providing different sensitivities characteristics with fabrication methods. In this paper, we propose a novel Graphene plasmonic coated SPR fiber sensor and it is also compared with the three most commonly existing plasmonic coatings SPR fiber sensors, such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), Gold, and Silver. The improvement in performance characteristics when a material is coated with Graphene is demonstrated. We achieve Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) by utilizing nano metallic structures in the design of our proposed model. The performance characteristics are proven to be constant even after adding nanocolumns equal to the diameter of the core. The COMSOL Multiphysics software is utilized to optimize the aspects and improve the performance parameters of the proposed fiber sensor. The simulations results shows that the maximum sensitivity achieved is 5833.33 nm/RIU for silver coated with Graphene when compared with ITO achieves 5000 nm/RIU as a maximum sensitivity and Gold coated with Graphene nanostructures provides 5333.33 nm/RIU. The performance in sensitivities of the aforementioned materials is simulated and the characteristics are analyzed.