化学
微塑料
毒性
镉
活性氧
去铁胺
脂质过氧化
程序性细胞死亡
活力测定
食腐动物
体内
抗氧化剂
氯化镉
体外
生物化学
环境化学
生物
细胞凋亡
有机化学
生物技术
作者
Lixin Wang,Xuan Zhang,Man Xu,Guangzhe Zheng,Jiamin Chen,Shan Li,Jiansheng Cui,Shuping Zhang
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122250
摘要
Microplastics (MPs) are a newly emerging type of pollutants. To date, MPs have been found in the atmosphere, soil, water, and even in human samples, posing a non-negligible threat to humans. Furthermore, multiple heavy metals have been found to co-exist with MPs or be absorbed by MPs. This leads to a widespread concern about their combined toxicity, which is currently elusive. Herein, we investigated the single or combined toxic effects of polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs) and cadmium chloride (CdCl2) on the liver and hepatocytes. After co-incubation, cadmium (Cd) can be absorbed by PS-MPs, resulting in physiochemical alterations of PS-MPs. In vivo and in vitro experiments revealed that PS-MPs solely or together with CdCl2 induced ferroptosis in hepatocytes, a newly defined programmed cell death characterized by lipid oxidation and iron accumulation. PS-MPs exerted more ferroptotic effect on hepatocytes than CdCl2, and combined exposure to PS-MPs and CdCl2 enhanced their ferroptotic effect, mainly by stimulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and inhibiting antioxidant activity. Upon single or combined exposure to PS-MPs and CdCl2, the induction of ferroptosis in hepatocytes can be inhibited by N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC, an ROS scavenger), deferoxamine (DFO, an iron chelator), and particularly ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1, a specific ferroptosis inhibitor). Fer-1 efficiently rescued the cell viability of hepatocytes upon exposure to PS-MPs and CdCl2 through enhancing the antioxidant system via upregulating GPX4 and SLC7A11. These findings would contribute to an in-depth understanding of the single and combined toxicity of microplastics and cadmium.
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI