CuCl2-modified SnO2 electron transport layer for high efficiency perovskite solar cells

材料科学 钙钛矿(结构) 能量转换效率 钝化 图层(电子) 相对湿度 光电效应 光电子学 光伏系统 电导率 电子传输链 无水的 化学工程 纳米技术 物理化学 化学 电气工程 工程类 生物化学 物理 有机化学 热力学
作者
Liang Han,Haihua Hu,Min Yuan,Ping Lin,Peng Wang,Lingbo Xu,Xuegong Yu,Can Cui
出处
期刊:Nanotechnology [IOP Publishing]
卷期号:34 (30): 305401-305401 被引量:7
标识
DOI:10.1088/1361-6528/accfa3
摘要

Abstract SnO 2 film is one of the most widely used electron transport layers (ETL) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the inherent surface defect states in SnO 2 film and mismatch of the energy level alignment with perovskite limit the photovoltaic performance of PSCs. It is of great interesting to modify SnO 2 ETL with additive, aiming to decrease the surface defect states and obtain well aligned energy level with perovskite. In this paper, anhydrous copper chloride (CuCl 2 ) was employed to modify the SnO 2 ETL. It is found that the adding of a small amount of CuCl 2 into the SnO 2 ETL can improve the proportion of Sn 4+ in SnO 2 , passivate oxygen vacancies at the surface of SnO 2 nanocrystals, improve the hydrophobicity and conductivity of ETL, and obtain a good energy level alignment with perovskite. As a result, both the photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of the PSCs based on SnO 2 ETLs modified with CuCl 2 (SnO 2 -CuCl 2 ) is improved in comparison with that of the PSCs on pristine SnO 2 ETLs. The optimal PSC based on SnO 2 -CuCl 2 ETL exhibits a much higher PCE of 20.31% as compared to the control device (18.15%). The unencapsulated PSCs with CuCl 2 modification maintain 89.3% of their initial PCE after exposing for 16 d under ambient conditions with a relative humidity of 35%. Cu(NO 3 ) 2 was also employed to modify the SnO 2 ETL and achieved a similar effect as that of CuCl 2 , indicating that the cation Cu 2+ plays the main role in SnO 2 ETL modification.
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