肿瘤微环境
重编程
免疫系统
癌症
癌症研究
免疫疗法
癌细胞
生物
癌症免疫疗法
结直肠癌
免疫检查点
免疫学
医学
细胞
内科学
遗传学
作者
Jiafeng Liu,Tianxiao Wang,Tianxiao Wang,Tianxiao Wang,Tianxiao Wang,Tianxiao Wang
出处
期刊:Oncology Research and Treatment
[S. Karger AG]
日期:2024-04-18
卷期号:: 1-14
摘要
<b><i>Background:</i></b> The cancers of the digestive tract, including colorectal cancer (CRC), gastric cancer, and esophageal cancer, are part of the most common cancers as well as one of the most important leading causes of cancer death worldwide. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> Despite the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (e.g., anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1) in the past decade, offering renewed optimism in cancer treatment, only a fraction of patients derive benefit from these therapies. This limited efficacy may stem from tumor heterogeneity and the impact of metabolic reprogramming on both tumor cells and immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). The metabolic reprogramming of glucose, lipids, amino acids, and other nutrients represents a pivotal hallmark of cancer, serving to generate energy, reducing equivalent and biological macromolecule, thereby fostering tumor proliferation and invasion. Significantly, the metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells can orchestrate changes within the TME, rendering patients unresponsive to immunotherapy. <b><i>Key Messages:</i></b> In this review, we predominantly encapsulate recent strides on metabolic reprogramming among digestive tract cancer, especially CRC, in the TME with a focus on how these alterations influence anti-tumor immunity. Additionally, we deliberate on potential strategies to address these abnormities in metabolic pathways and the viability of combined therapy within the realm of anti-cancer immunotherapy.
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