接种疫苗
免疫学
免疫系统
医学
肥胖
免疫
生物
内科学
作者
Rebekah Honce,Ana Vazquez-Pagan,Brandi Livingston,Alexandra H. Mandarano,Benjamin A. Wilander,Sean Cherry,Virginia Hargest,Bridgett Sharp,Pamela H. Brigleb,Ericka Kirkpatrick Roubidoux,Lee-Ann Van de Velde,Roy Skinner,Maureen A. McGargill,Paul G. Thomas,Stacey Schultz‐Cherry
出处
期刊:Nature microbiology
日期:2024-04-18
卷期号:9 (6): 1593-1606
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41564-024-01677-y
摘要
Metabolic disease is epidemiologically linked to severe complications upon influenza virus infection, thus vaccination is a priority in this high-risk population. Yet, vaccine responses are less effective in these same hosts. Here we examined how the timing of diet switching from a high-fat diet to a control diet affected influenza vaccine efficacy in diet-induced obese mice. Our results demonstrate that the systemic meta-inflammation generated by high-fat diet exposure limited T cell maturation to the memory compartment at the time of vaccination, impacting the recall of effector memory T cells upon viral challenge. This was not improved with a diet switch post-vaccination. However, the metabolic dysfunction of T cells was reversed if weight loss occurred 4 weeks before vaccination, restoring a functional recall response. This corresponded with changes in the systemic obesity-related biomarkers leptin and adiponectin, highlighting the systemic and specific effects of diet on influenza vaccine immunogenicity. Diet switching from high-fat to standard diet before influenza vaccination affects the metabolic state of T cells, restores their responses and improves vaccine efficacy in mice.
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