Tunable Dynamic Topological Defect Pattern Formation in Nematic Liquid Crystals

Abstract Soft materials are ideal candidates for the creation of tunable, self‐assembled structures. Herein, reconfigurable and switchable dynamic patterns are created using topological defects in nematic liquid crystals. The elastic properties of liquid crystals combined with their responsiveness to electric field are used to control the periodicity and the symmetry of an array of topological defects, assisted by polymeric micropillars. The switching between stable configurations is perfectly reversible and repeatable, and there is no limitation on the length scale of the regular array of defects. The array is used to create 2D diffraction patterns that can be tuned both in the azimuthal and in the polar directions. In addition, the refractive index of the liquid crystal mixture is controlled to optimize the diffraction efficiency. This system, with its flexibility and controllability, offers a promising route for the design of patters with arbitrary symmetry that can be employed in optics and reversible self‐assembly.