Abstract By reviewing the current situation of livestock and poultry wastes pollution, the disposal methods, influencing factors and the related theories of cooperative treatment and literature on livestock and poultry farming pollution, it was found that most of the research on Cooperative treatment of livestock and poultry farming wastes in rural areas remained at the theoretical level, but less in practice. There are few studies on the development of a cooperative system and aquaculture subjects. The future research directions can be focused on the benefit evaluation of pollution control mechanism of livestock and poultry farming and the practical mode of cooperative pollution control of livestock and poultry farming.