Epidemiology of Cholangiocarcinoma; United States Incidence and Mortality Trends

Cholangiocarcinoma is an aggressive malignancy with few available studies assessing incidence and mortality. In this study, we aim to investigate trends of incidence and mortality in a large nation-wide epidemiologic study. We used SEER 18 database to study cholangiocarcinoma cases in the US during 2000-2015. Incidence and mortality rates of cholangiocarcinoma were calculated by race and were expressed by 1,000,000 person-years. Annual percent change (APC) was calculated using joinpoint regression software. We reviewed 16,189 patients with cholangiocarcinoma, of which 64.4% were intrahepatic. Most patients were whites (78.4%), males (51.3%), and older than 65 years (63%). A total of 13,121 patients died of cholangiocarcinoma during the study period. Cholangiocarcinoma incidence and mortality were 11.977 and 10.295 and were both higher among Asians, males, and individuals older than 65 years. Incidence rates have significantly increased over the study period (APC = 5.063%, P < .001), while mortality increased significantly over the study period (APC = 5.964%, P < .001), but decreased after 2013 (APC = −25.029, P < .001). The incidence and mortality of cholangiocarcinoma were increasing in the study period with significant observed disparities based on race and gender.