Crosstalk between Platelet and Bacteria: A Therapeutic Prospect

血小板 止血 血管性血友病因子 血小板活化 免疫学 串扰 免疫系统 血栓 受体 纤维蛋白原 细胞生物学 血栓形成 生物 医学 内科学 生物化学 光学 物理
作者
Vivek Kumar Yadav,Pradeep Kumar Singh,Vishnu Agarwal,Sunil Kumar Singh
出处
期刊:Current Pharmaceutical Design [Bentham Science]
卷期号:25 (38): 4041-4052 被引量:12
标识
DOI:10.2174/1381612825666190925163347
摘要

Platelets are typically recognized for their roles in the maintenance of hemostasis and vascular wall repair to reduce blood loss. Beyond hemostasis, platelets also play a critical role in pathophysiological conditions like atherosclerosis, stroke, thrombosis, and infections. During infection, platelets interact directly and indirectly with bacteria through a wide range of cellular and molecular mechanisms. Platelet surface receptors such as GPIbα, FcγRIIA, GPIIbIIIa, and TLRs, etc. facilitate direct interaction with bacterial cells. Besides, the indirect interaction between platelet and bacteria involves host plasma proteins such as von Willebrand Factor (vWF), fibronectin, IgG, and fibrinogen. Bacterial cells induce platelet activation, aggregation, and thrombus formation in the microvasculature. The activated platelets induce the Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) formation, which further contribute to thrombosis. Thus, platelets are extensively anticipated as vital immune modulator cells during infection, which may further lead to cardiovascular complications. In this review, we cover the interaction mechanisms between platelets and bacteria that may lead to the development of thrombotic disorders. Platelet receptors and other host molecules involved in such interactions can be used to develop new therapeutic strategies to combat against infection-induced cardiovascular complications. In addition, we highlight other receptor and enzyme targets that may further reduce infection-induced platelet activation and various pathological conditions.
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