Heavy metal-immobilizing bacteria increase the biomass and reduce the Cd and Pb uptake by pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.) in heavy metal-contaminated soil

化学 芸苔属 细菌 环境化学 生物量(生态学) 土壤污染 金属 植物 污染 生物 重金属 农学 生态学 遗传学 有机化学
作者
Hui Han,Hong Jie Cai,Xiaoyu Wang,Xiaomin Hu,Zhaojin Chen,Lunguang Yao
出处
期刊:Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:195: 110375-110375 被引量:78
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110375
摘要

Microbial immobilization is a novel and environmentally friendly technology that uses microbes to reduce metal availability in soil and accumulation of heavy metals in plants. We used urea agar plates to isolate urease-producing bacteria from the rhizosphere soil of pakchoi in Cd- and Pb-contaminated farmland and investigated their effects on Cd and Pb accumulation in pakchoi and the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that two urease-producing bacteria, Bacillus megaterium N3 and Serratia liquefaciens H12, were identified by screening. They had higher ability to produce urease (57.5 ms cm-1 min-1 OD600-1 and 76.4 ms cm-1 min-1 OD600-1, respectively). The two strains allowed for the immobilization of Cd and Pb by extracellular adsorption, bioprecipitation, and increasing the pH (from 6.94 to 7.05-7.09), NH4+ content (69.1%-127%), and NH4+/NO3- ratio (from 1.37 to 1.67-2.11), thereby reducing the DTPA-extractable Cd (35.3%-58.8%) and Pb (37.8%-62.2%) contents in the pakchoi rhizosphere soils and the Cd (76.5%-79.7%) and Pb (76.3%-83.5%) contents in the leaves (edible tissue) of pakchoi. The strains were highly resistant to heavy metal toxicity; produced IAA, siderophores and abscisic acid; and increased the NH4+/NO3- ratio, which might be related to the two strains protectiing pakchoi against the toxic effect of Cd and Pb and increasing pakchoi biomass. Thus, the results were supposed to strain resources and a theoretical basis for the remediation of Cd- and Pb-contaminated farmlands for the safe production of vegetables.
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