Epidemiological characteristics and related risk factors of elderly osteoporosis in Xining City

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and related risk factors of elderly patients with osteoporosis. Methods The basic data of 900 elderly people in Xining City from February 2015 to February 2018 were investigated.The proximal femur and L2~4 bone mineral density were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.Osteoporosis was diagnosed and its epidemiological characteristics and risk factors were analyzed. Results Among the 900 elderly people in Xining, 276 had osteoporosis, 624 did not have osteoporosis, and the prevalence rate was 30.67%.There were significant differences in gender, body mass index, smoking, alcoholism, family history of osteoporosis between elderly people with osteoporosis and those without osteoporosis (all P<0.05). The incidence of osteoporosis was 26.63% (192/721), 47.41% (64/135) and 45.45% (20/44) in the elderly of Han nationality, Tibetan nationality and Hui nationality, respectively.The average bone density of femoral trochanter, bilateral femoral neck, Ward's triangle and L2~4 in the elderly of different age groups in Xining city was 2.63% (192/721). The prevalence of femoral trochanter, bilateral femoral neck, Ward_s triangle and L2~4 was lower in male elderly than in female elderly (all P<0.05). By logistic regression analysis, female(OR=2.573, 95%CI1.319~3.086), age growth(OR=3.076, 95%CI1.128~3.746), bad living habits(OR=1.796, 95%CI1.154~5.286) and family history of osteoporosis(OR=1.641, 95%CI1.128~4.376) were elderly in Xining.Risk factors of osteoporosis (all P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of osteoporosis in 900 elderly people in Xining City was 30.67%.With the increase of age, the bone mineral density of the elderly gradually decreased.The average bone mineral density of L2~4 was higher than that of proximal femur, and the average bone mineral density of females was lower than that of males.The occurrence of osteoporosis was attributed to females, age growth, bad living habits and family history of osteoporosis.Risk factors can provide reference for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in the elderly in Xining. Key words: Osteoporosis; Elderly people; Epidemiology; Risk factors; Age; Gender; Ethnic group