Recent advances in the development of cholera toxin B subunit as immune adjuvant

Cholera toxin (CT) is the important virulence factor of Vibrio cholerae which is composed of A and B subunits. Cholera toxin A subunit (CTA) is toxic, while B subunit (CTB) is nontoxic and has become one of the important adjuvants and been paid much attention by scholars in recent years because of its unique physiological function. Better understanding of immunomodulatory mechanism of CTB would be helpful to develop and improve novel vaccines. This paper discusses the latest progress of CTB as immune adjuvant in vaccine research. Key words: Cholera toxin; Adjuvant; Vaccine