Application of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the comprehensive treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer

In recent years, immunotherapy has become an important part of the treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Tumor cells can escape from the body′s immune system by mediating various immune escape mechanisms, among which programmed death-1/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) mediated immune escape plays an important role. Currently, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and molecular targeted therapy have certain limitations in the treatment of advanced NSCLC. Recent studies have found that the combined application of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor and other treatment methods has certain synergistic effect, thus enhances the anti-tumor effect and further prolongs the survival of patients. Immunotherapy brings not only changes in the treatment patterns of NSCLC, but also challenges in the screening of target population and the management of treatment-related adverse reactions. Summarizing the research progress on immune checkpoint inhibitors in the comprehensive treatment of advanced NSCLC can provide reference for the best treatment of NSCLC. Key words: Lung neoplasms; Immunotherapy; PD-1/PD-L1; Comprehensive therapy