生物
生物地理学
生态学
单系
变异
东亚
生物扩散
天门冬科
系统地理学
干旱化
南半球
系统发育树
气候变化
克莱德
古生物学
地理
人口
生物化学
人口学
考古
社会学
基因
中国
作者
Maoqin Xia,Ying Liu,Jingjing Liu,Donghong Chen,Yan Shi,Zhongxia Chen,Dingrui Chen,Ruofan Jin,Hongliang Chen,Shanshan Zhu,Pan Li,Jinping Si,Ying‐Xiong Qiu
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107431
摘要
Clarifying the process of formation of diversity hotspots and the biogeographic connection between regions is critical in understanding the impact of environmental changes on organismal evolution. Polygonatum (Asparagaceae) is distributed across the Northern Hemisphere. It displays an uneven distribution, with more than 50% of its species occurring in the Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains (HHM). Here, we generated a time-calibrated phylogeny of Polygonatum, based on whole-plastome data, to reconstruct the genus' biogeographical history and morphological/chromosomal evolution. Our phylogenetic analyses strongly support the monophyly of Polygonatum and its division into three sections (i.e., Verticillata, Sibirica, and Polygonatum). Polygonatum originated from the HHM region during the early-Miocene (c. 20.10 Ma), and began to radiate since the mid-Miocene, driven by the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), increasingly colder/arid climates following the mid-Miocene Climatic Optimum (MMCO), and intensification of the East Asian winter monsoon. Dispersal from the HHM region to other regions was facilitated by the intensification of East Asian summer monsoon in response to global climatic warming during the MMCO. Decreasing dysploidy accompanied by karyotype change and polyploidization in Polygonatum appears to be associated with its diversification and colonization of new ecological niches. Our results highlight the importance of regional tectonic activities and past climatic changes from the Neogene onwards to the spatial-temporal diversification and distribution patterns of plant lineages with a wide distribution in the Northern Hemisphere. They also contribute to the knowledge of the uneven species richness between East Asia and other regions.
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