Trends in Prevalence Cases and Disability-Adjusted Life-Years of Parkinson’s Disease: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

BACKGROUND: Parkinson's disease is a common, age-related progressive neurodegenerative disorder with considerable socioeconomic burdens, although the studies in incremental burdens to the disease's rapid growth are incomplete and lag behind. We aim to assess global burdens of Parkinson's disease based on a public database online. METHODS: Based on the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study, we screened a range of indicators including prevalence cases, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), age-standardized prevalence rates (ASPRs), and age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR). The join point regression was used to assess the indicators, wherein the ASPR and the ASDR were referred to temporal trends for burdens of Parkinson's disease. RESULTS: Prevalence cases of global Parkinson's disease were on the rise for 30 years, with an increase of 155.51% during 1990-2019. Temporal trend of ASDRs was on the rise during 1990-2002 but in decline during 2002-2019. The ASPRs had a turning point in 2017 and a decline during 2017-2019 (annual percentage change = -0.51%, p > 0.05). China, India, the USA, Japan, and Germany shared the five highest prevalence cases and DALYs in 2019. The Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) was in relation to a significantly positive ASPR (R = 0.61, p < 0.001) but not a significantly negative ASDR (R = -0.044, p = 0.53), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, a range of indicators for global burdens of Parkinson's disease were on the rise during 1990-2019. Tremendous efforts should be in place to prevent Parkinson's disease, especially among the populations of males, with advanced ages, in East Asia, and in regions with high SDI.