Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome: Benzodiazepines and Beyond

震颤性谵妄 酒精戒断综合征 戒断综合征 医学 酒精依赖 精神科 谵妄 随机对照试验 重症监护医学 儿科 麻醉 内科学 生物化学 化学
作者
Ankur Sachdeva,Mona Choudhary,Mina Chandra
出处
期刊:Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research [JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited]
被引量:122
标识
DOI:10.7860/jcdr/2015/13407.6538
摘要

Alcohol dependence is an increasing and pervasive problem. Alcohol withdrawal symptoms are a part of alcohol dependence syndrome and are commonly encountered in general hospital settings, in most of the departments. Alcohol withdrawal syndrome ranges from mild to severe. The severe complicated alcohol withdrawal may present with hallucinations, seizures or delirium tremens. Benzodiazepines have the largest and the best evidence base in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal, and are considered the gold standard. Others, such as anticonvulsants, barbiturates, adrenergic drugs, and GABA agonists have been tried and have evidence. Supportive care and use of vitamins is essential in the management. Symptom triggered regime is favoured over fixed tapering dose regime, although monitoring through scales is cumbersome. This article aims to review the evidence base for appropriate clinical management of the alcohol withdrawal syndrome. We searched Pubmed for articles published in English on 'Alcohol withdrawal syndrome' in humans during the last 10 years. A total of 1182 articles came up. Articles not relevant to clinical utility and management were excluded based on the titles and abstract available. Full text articles, meta-analyses, systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials were obtained from this list and were considered for review.
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