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Characteristics and outcome of burned children admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit

医学 总体表面积 烫伤 重症监护室 体表面积 机械通风 儿科重症监护室 急诊医学 重症监护 回顾性队列研究 烧伤 损伤严重程度评分 相对风险 儿科 毒物控制 伤害预防 重症监护医学 外科 置信区间 内科学 食品科学 化学
作者
Luciana Gil Barcellos,Ana Paula Pereira da Silva,Jefferson Pedro Piva,Leandra Rech,Tamires Goulart Brondani
出处
期刊:Revista Brasileira De Terapia Intensiva [Associação de Medicina Intensiva Brasileira]
卷期号:30 (3) 被引量:25
标识
DOI:10.5935/0103-507x.20180045
摘要

To analyze the characteristics and outcomes of children hospitalized for burns in a pediatric trauma intensive care unit for burn patients.An observational study was conducted through the retrospective analysis of children (< 16 years) admitted to the pediatric trauma intensive care unit for burn victims between January 2013 and December 2015. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were analyzed including the causal agent, burned body surface, presence of inhalation injury, length of hospital stay and mortality.The study analyzed a sum of 140 patients; 61.8% were male, with a median age of 24 months and an overall mortality of 5%. The main cause of burns was scalding (51.4%), followed by accidents involving fire (38.6%) and electric shock (6.4%). Mechanical ventilation was used in 20.7% of the cases. Associated inhalation injury presented a relative risk of 6.1 (3.5 - 10.7) of needing ventilatory support and a relative risk of mortality of 14.1 (2.9 - 68.3) compared to patients without this associated injury. A significant connection was found between burned body surface and mortality (p < 0.002), reaching 80% in patients with a burned area greater than 50%. Patients who died had a significantly higher Tobiasen Abbreviated Burn Severity Index than survivors (9.6 ± 2.2 versus 4.4 ± 1.1; p < 0.001). A Tobiasen Abbreviated Burn Severity Index ≥ 7 represented a relative risk of death of 68.4 (95%CI 9.1 - 513.5).Scalding burns are quite frequent and are associated with high morbidity. Mortality is associated with the amount of burned body surface and the presence of inhalation injury. Special emphasis should be given to accidents involving fire, reinforcing proper diagnosis and treatment of inhalation injury.Analisar as características e a evolução de crianças internadas por queimaduras em unidade de terapia intensiva de trauma pediátrico para atendimento de queimados.Estudo observacional, por meio da análise retrospectiva de crianças (< 16 anos) admitidas na unidade de terapia intensiva de trauma pediátrico vítimas de queimaduras, entre janeiro de 2013 e dezembro de 2015. Foram analisadas variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas: agente causal, superfície corporal queimada, presença de lesão inalatória, tempo de internação hospitalar e mortalidade.Foram avaliados 140 pacientes, sendo 61,8% do sexo masculino, com mediana da idade de 24 meses e mortalidade geral de 5%. A principal causa de queimadura foi escaldamento (51,4%), seguida de acidente com fogo (38,6%) e choque elétrico (6,4%). Ventilação mecânica foi utilizada em 20,7% dos casos. Lesão inalatória associada apresentou risco relativo de 6,1 (3,5 - 10,7) para necessidade de suporte ventilatório e risco relativo para mortalidade de 14,1 (2,9 - 68,3) quando comparados aos pacientes sem esta lesão associada. Houve significativa associação entre a superfície queimada e a mortalidade (p < 0,002), atingindo 80% nos pacientes com mais de 50% de área queimada. Os pacientes que evoluíram ao óbito apresentaram Tobiasen's Abbreviated Burn Severity Index significativamente maior que os sobreviventes (9,6 ± 2,2 versus 4,4 ± 1,1; p < 0,001). Tobiasen's Abbreviated Burn Severity Index ≥ 7 representou risco relativo para morte de 68,4 (IC95% 9,1 - 513,5).As queimaduras por escaldamento são bastante frequentes e estão associadas à alta morbidade. A mortalidade está associada à superfície corporal queimada e à presença de lesão inalatória. Ênfase especial deve ser dada aos acidentes por fogo, reforçando o diagnóstico e o tratamento adequados da lesão inalatória.
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