Imaging in myopia: potential biomarkers, current challenges and future developments

医学 光学相干层析成像 模态(人机交互) 模式 脉络膜 验光服务 成像技术 医学影像学 眼科 放射科 视网膜 神经科学 计算机科学 人工智能 社会学 生物 社会科学
作者
Marcus Ang,Chee Wai Wong,Quan V. Hoang,Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung,Shu Yen Lee,Audrey Chia,Seang‐Mei Saw,Kyoko Ohno‐Matsui,Leopold Schmetterer
出处
期刊:British Journal of Ophthalmology [BMJ]
卷期号:103 (6): 855-862 被引量:71
标识
DOI:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-312866
摘要

Myopia is rapidly increasing in Asia and around the world, while it is recognised that complications from high myopia may cause significant visual impairment. Thus, imaging the myopic eye is important for the diagnosis of sight-threatening complications, monitoring of disease progression and evaluation of treatments. For example, recent advances in high-resolution imaging using optical coherence tomography may delineate early myopic macula pathology, optical coherence tomography angiography may aid early choroidal neovascularisation detection, while multimodal imaging is important for monitoring treatment response. However, imaging the eye with high myopia accurately has its challenges and limitations, which are important for clinicians to understand in order to choose the best imaging modality and interpret the images accurately. In this review, we present the current imaging modalities available from the anterior to posterior segment of the myopic eye, including the optic nerve. We summarise the clinical indications, image interpretation and future developments that may overcome current technological limitations. We also discuss potential biomarkers for myopic progression or development of complications, including basement membrane defects, and choroidal atrophy or choroidal thickness measurements. Finally, we present future developments in the field of myopia imaging, such as photoacoustic imaging and corneal or scleral biomechanics, which may lead to innovative treatment modalities for myopia.
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