Abstract Aim Regenerative periodontal therapy is often unpredictable and limited. Cementum regeneration is necessary for the proper repair of a periodontal ligament. The precise mechanism how bone morphogenetic protein‐7 ( BMP 7) induces differentiation and mineralization of cementoblasts remains undetermined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of BMP 7 on early proteome and gene expression profile of cementoblastic OCCM .30 cells in vitro. Materials and Methods Immortalized murine cementoblasts ( OCCM .30) were exposed to BMP 7 and evaluated for: (1) proliferation; (2) mineralization; (3) early proteome profile using liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry ( LC ‐ MS ); and (4) gene expression by quantitative RT ‐ PCR . Results Bone morphogenetic protein‐7 increased the cell proliferation at 24 h and 48 h, while higher doses suppressed the cell proliferation at 48 h. BMP 7 induced the mineralization of cementoblasts following 8 days of therapy. Using LC ‐ MS we identified 1117 proteins from the cell lysate. Many belonged to extracellular matrix formation such as PCPE 1, collagens, annexins and integrin receptors. RT ‐ PCR analyses revealed a BMP 7 dose‐dependent upregulation of BMP 1, TGF β1, osterix, osteoprotegerin, procollagen I and II, PCPE 1, and noggin, while BMP 6 and chordin expression were decreased. The high BMP 7 dose down regulated most of the genes 24 h following therapy. Conclusion Bone morphogenetic protein‐7 promotes differentiation and mineralization of cementoblasts via inducing PCPE 1 and BMP 1 responsible for processing of type I collagen.