Melt flow optimisation using turbulence inhibitors in large volume tundishes

A water model of a typical 60 t slab tundish was designed and constructed to determine flow patterns characteristics when using a turbulence inhibiting device and dams; the patterns observed were compared with those predicted by a numerical model. Parameters studies included minimum residence time, volume fractions of piston (plug), perfect mixed, and dead flow, and tracer dispersion. From the quantitative results obtained by water modelling, an optimum flow control system was identified. Further evaluations were carried out to determine the system's performance under different flowrates and during a change of steel grade. The bare tundish and the selected arrangement were mathematically simulated to compare the tracer dispersion of the water model with the flow patterns predicted by the computer model. The results show the importance of using these flow control devices to increase productivity and steel quality.