Poly(tetrabutylphosphonium 4-styrenesulfonate): a poly(ionic liquid) stabilizer for graphene being multi-responsive

Poly(tetrabutylphosphonium 4-styrenesulfonate) was found to be a unique poly(ionic liquid) showing tunable lower critical solution temperatures in aqueous solution, depending on concentration and ionic strength. As this polymer also exhibits a very high stabilizing power for carbon nanostructures, one can readily synthesize an environment-sensitive graphene dispersion.