神经科学
视皮层
运动前神经元活动
心理学
任务(项目管理)
局部场电位
对比度(视觉)
生物
计算机科学
人工智能
经济
管理
作者
Yao Chen,Susana Martínez‐Conde,Stephen L. Macknik,Yulia Bereshpolova,Harvey A. Swadlow,José‐Manuel Alonso
摘要
Spatial attention works to modulate neuronal responses as early as V1, according to this study. Using electrophysiological recordings in monkey primary visual cortex, the authors found that there are two distinct cell populations (differentiated by direction selectivity, spike width, interspike interval distribution and contrast sensitivity) whose responses are either suppressed or enhanced by attention. Spatial attention enhances our ability to detect stimuli at restricted regions of the visual field. This enhancement is thought to depend on the difficulty of the task being performed, but the underlying neuronal mechanisms for this dependency remain largely unknown. We found that task difficulty modulates neuronal firing rate at the earliest stages of cortical visual processing (area V1) in monkey (Macaca mulatta). These modulations were spatially specific: increasing task difficulty enhanced V1 neuronal firing rate at the focus of attention and suppressed it in regions surrounding the focus. Moreover, we found that response enhancement and suppression are mediated by distinct populations of neurons that differ in direction selectivity, spike width, interspike-interval distribution and contrast sensitivity. Our results provide strong support for center-surround models of spatial attention and suggest that task difficulty modulates the activity of specific populations of neurons in the primary visual cortex.
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