Increasing Hydrogen Storage Capacity Using Tetrahydrofuran

Hydrogen hydrates with tetrahydrofuran (THF) as a promoter molecule are investigated to probe critical unresolved observations regarding cage occupancy and storage capacity. We adopted a new preparation method, mixing solid powdered THF with ice and pressurizing with hydrogen at 70 MPa and 255 ± 2 K (these formation conditions are insufficient to form pure hydrogen hydrates). All results from Raman microprobe spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and gas volumetric analysis show a strong dependence of hydrogen storage capacity on THF composition. Contrary to numerous recent reports that claim it is impossible to store H2 in large cages with promoters, this work shows that, below a THF mole fraction of 0.01, H2 molecules can occupy the large cages of the THF+H2 structure II hydrate. As a result, by manipulating the promoter THF content, the hydrogen storage capacity was increased to ∼3.4 wt % in the THF+H2 hydrate system. This study shows the tuning effect may be used and developed for future science and practical applications.