纳米反应器
白磷
碳纳米管
透射电子显微镜
聚合
放热反应
材料科学
化学工程
分子
磷
纳米技术
化学
有机化学
聚合物
纳米颗粒
复合材料
工程类
作者
Martin Hart,Edward M. White,Ji Chen,Catriona M. McGilvery,Chris J. Pickard,Angelos Michaelides,Andrea Sella,Milo S. P. Shaffer,Christoph G. Salzmann
标识
DOI:10.1002/anie.201703585
摘要
Abstract Elemental phosphorus displays an impressive number of allotropes with highly diverse chemical and physical properties. White phosphorus has now been filled into single‐wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) from the liquid and thereby stabilized against the highly exothermic reaction with atmospheric oxygen. The encapsulated tetraphosphorus molecules were visualized with transmission electron microscopy, but found to convert readily into chain structures inside the SWCNT “nanoreactors”. The energies of the possible chain structures were determined computationally, highlighting a delicate balance between the extent of polymerization and the SWCNT diameter. Experimentally, a single‐stranded zig‐zag chain of phosphorus atoms was observed, which is the lowest energy structure at small confinement diameters. These one‐dimensional chains provide a glimpse into the very first steps of the transformation from white to red phosphorus.
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