突触小泡
生物化学
神经递质
化学
神经毒素
胆碱能的
神经传递
肉毒中毒
肉毒梭菌
生物
小泡
毒素
膜
神经科学
受体
微生物学
作者
Ornella Rossetto,Laura Morbiato,Paola Caccin,Michela Rigoni,Cesare Montecucco
标识
DOI:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03965.x
摘要
Abstract Botulinum neurotoxins produced by anaerobic bacteria of the genus Clostridium are the most toxic proteins known, with mouse LD50 values in the 1–5 ng/kg range, and are solely responsible for the pathophysiology of botulism. These metalloproteinases enter peripheral cholinergic nerve terminals and cleave proteins of the neuroexocytosis apparatus, causing a persistent, but reversible, inhibition of neurotransmitter release. They are used in the therapy of many human syndromes caused by hyperactive nerve terminals. Snake presynaptic PLA2 neurotoxins block nerve terminals by binding to the nerve membrane and catalyzing phospholipid hydrolysis with production of lysophospholipids and fatty acids. These compounds change the membrane conformation, causing enhanced fusion of synaptic vesicle via hemifusion intermediate with release of neurotransmitter and, at the same time, inhibition of vesicle fission and recycling. It is possible to envisage clinical applications of the lysophospholipid/fatty acid mixture to inhibit hyperactive superficial nerve terminals.
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI