Layer-structured LiNi0.8Co0.2O2: A new triple (H+/O2−/e−) conducting cathode for low temperature proton conducting solid oxide fuel cells

Abstract Solid oxide fuel cells with proton conducting electrolytes (H–SOFCs) show great potential for more efficient energy conversion over their oxygen ionic conducting counterparts at temperatures below 650 °C, providing a comparably high performance cathode material can be available. A brief review of current development of cathode materials shows that materials with triple (oxygen ionic, protonic, and electronic) conducting properties are most promising for H–SOFCs. In this work, a triple-conducting LiNi 0.8 Co 0.2 O 2 (LNCO) with layered structure, allowing simultaneous conduction of intrinsic oxygen ion and electron as well as the extrinsic proton, is proposed as a cathode material for H–SOFC. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis of LNCO shows the good oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity with a considerably low activation energy of 0.88 eV, and an evident water uptake capability those facilitate the cathode reaction process. Fuel cells using LNCO cathode on a BaZr 0.1 Ce 0.7 Y 0.2 O 3 proton-conducting electrolyte render a peak power density of 410 mW cm −2 at 650 °C under H 2 /air condition, which is higher than most of the typical cathode materials reported with similar cell configurations. This work also demonstrated a new series of simple and low cost cathode materials simultaneously possessing interesting triple-conduction and good ORR activities for low temperature H–SOFCs.