Clinical analysis of etiology and prognosis of 445 patients with acute kidney injury

Objective To investigate the etiology and impact factors which is related to prognosis of acute kidney injury(AKI). Methods This retrospective study included clinical and pathological data of 445 patients with AKI in our hospital from September 2013 to September 2018. Results There were 261 males and 184 females with mean age(54.66±18.21)years old.The patterns of AKI included prerenal(123 cases, 27.64%), renal parenchymal(253 cases, 56.85%)and post renal AKI(44 cases, 9.89%). Infective diseases, especially acute gastroenteritis, were major causes of prerenal AKI.Among these 253 renal parenehymal AKI, 119 cases(26.74%)were induced by drugs.As to the post renal AKI, urinary tract stones or tumors leaded to it.mainly Other causes including pregnancy related 16 cases(3.60%) and unknown reasons 9 cases(2.02%) was still there. There were significant differences of etiology among different age groups.The multivariable logistic regression showed that age, the number of organ system failures, shock and mechanical ventilation were predictors of mortality. Conclusions Attention must be paid to the treatment of AKI and the use of drugs with nephrotoxicity.The early diagnosis plays an important role not only in treatment, but also in increasing survival rate.Prevention of complications especially multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS), shock and mechanical ventilation must be paid and RRT is a key management to decrease mortality in severe AKI. Key words: Acute Kidney Injury; Drug Toxicity; Infection