卟啉
光动力疗法
化学
单线态氧
共价键
纳米技术
组合化学
表面改性
超分子化学
光化学
两亲性
聚合物
分子
有机化学
共聚物
材料科学
氧气
物理化学
作者
Jia Tian,Baoxuan Huang,Mian Hasnain Nawaz,Weian Zhang
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213410
摘要
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising and non-invasive modality for cancer treatments. Photosensitizers, as one of the essential elements in PDT, play a crucial role in the practical applications of PDT. Exposure to suitable light irradiation leads these photosensitizers to absorb the energy and move to excited state. Eventually, they transfer the energy to surrounding molecules and produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), particularly the singlet oxygen (1O2). Porphyrins, consisting of tetrapyrrole bridged with four methylene groups, are the classical and typical photosensitizers. However, the poor water-solubility, low biostability and non-specific tumor-targeting properties of porphyrins limit the PDT efficiency and their clinical applications. Thus, in order to promote the PDT efficiency of porphyrins, a variety of modification and functionalization strategies have been developed to construct multi-dimensional porphyrin-based functional materials. Herein, we summarize the recent advances of porphyrin-based functional materials from the following aspects: (1) the porphyrinic amphiphiles, (2) physical encapsulation of porphyrins by nanoparticles, (3) the construction of porphyrin-based polymers including block copolymers with covalent bonding and supramolecular polymers with non-covalent bonding, and (4) porphyrin-based organic frameworks. We believe that the development of porphyrin-based functional materials provide more fascinating superiorities in PDT and dramatically expand the potentials and possibilities in cancer treatments.
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