Two-dimensional nanomaterials for high-efficiency electromagnetic wave absorption: An overview of recent advances and prospects

Two-dimension (2D) nanomaterials with high specific area, low density and special electric behavior have attracted tremendous interest in the field of electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption. Continuous and growing efforts have been committed to satisfy the demands of good impedance matching and strong attenuation capacity of 2D-based EMW absorption nanomaterials in past several years, and the ultimate aim of these materials is to develop potential candidates of high-performance absorption materials. In this review, we will summarize the latest progress (in the last four years) of 2D nanomaterials for EMW absorption, including graphene, MXenes, MoS2 nanosheets, layered double hydroxides (LDHs), graphite-like C3N4 (g-C3N4), and other representative transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). Moreover, the synthesis methods, structures, absorption mechanisms and performances of some excellent achievements will be presented. The aim of this review is to provide readers with a systematic overview of the relationship between 2D structures and absorption properties, and guide the future design of novel 2D electromagnetic wave absorption materials (EWAMs) by discussing the impedance matching and attenuation capacity of these recent advances. This review also intends to prompt fresh concepts for designing prominent high-performances EWAMs.